Electrification is accelerating, and Europe’s energy system is undergoing a profound transformation – becoming more decarbonised, decentralised, and digitalised. At the same time, the system faces a convergence of unprecedented risks, from cyber threats and...
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Electrification is accelerating, and Europe’s energy system is undergoing a profound transformation – becoming more decarbonised, decentralised, and digitalised. At the same time, the system faces a convergence of unprecedented risks, from cyber threats and extreme weather to geopolitical tensions. In this high-stakes environment, the EU’s Security of Supply (SoS) framework faces a resilience test it cannot afford to fail.
This issue paper focuses on electricity SoS, where the primary objective is to ensure sufficient generation to meet demand at all times, and aims to contribute to the legislative reform currently envisaged by the European Commission.
The SoS Regulatory Pyramid
After clarifying key terminology, the paper reviews the structure and content of the EU’s evolving SoS and Preparedness framework. Security of supply is framed as an integrated architecture built on three distinct but interconnected layers:
Structural components embedded in the electricity marke
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